The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands. The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer investigations to the Court. The ICC began functioning on 1 July 2002, the date that the Rome Statute entered into force. The Rome Statute is a multilateral treaty which serves as the ICC’s foundational and governing document. States which become party to the Rome Statute, for example by ratifying it, become member states of the ICC. Currently, there are 123 states which are party to the Rome Statute and therefore members of the ICC.

States Parties to the Rome Statute (in chronological order by date of accession):  Senegal, Trinidad and Tobago, San Marino, Italy, Fiji, Ghana, Norway, Belize, Tajikistan, Iceland, Venezuela, France, Belgium, Canada, Mali, Lesotho, New Zealand, Botswana, Luxembourg, Sierra Leone, Gabon, Spain, South Africa, Marshall Islands, Germany, Austria, Finland, Argentina, Dominica, Andorra, Paraguay, Croatia, Costa Rica, Antigua and Barbuda, Denmark, Sweden, Netherlands, Serbia, Nigeria, Liechtenstein, Central African Republic, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Peru, Nauru, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia, Benin, Estonia, Ecuador, Portugal, Mauritius, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Cyprus, Panama, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Niger, Cambodia, Jordan, Mongolia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Ireland, Greece, Uganda, Brazil, Namibia, Bolivia, Gambia, Uruguay, Latvia, Honduras, Australia, Colombia, United Republic of Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Samoa, Malawi, Djibouti, Zambia, Republic of Korea, Malta, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Barbados, Albania, Afghanistan, Lithuania, Guinea, Georgia, Burkina Faso, Congo, Burundi, Liberia, Guyana, Kenya, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Montenegro, Comoros, Chad, Japan, Madagascar, Suriname, Cook Islands, Chile, Czech Republic, Bangladesh, Seychelles, Saint Lucia, Republic of Moldova, Grenada, Tunisia, Philippines, Maldives, Cape Verde, Vanuatu, Guatemala, Côte d’Ivoire, Palestine