Same-Sex Marriage and the Law of Religious Freedom Conference, Washington, D.C., December 2005. Professor Durham was invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty.

International Religious Liberty Association Meeting of Experts on Culture and Religious Identity in Post-Modern Society, Sigüenza, Spain.

Conference on “Laicite (and Secularism) in the World, and Post-Soviet Experience,” Moscow, Russia, October 2005. Professor Durham was invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the Russian State University of Humanities and the French Center for Social Science and Humanities.

Conference on “The Future of Religious Freedom in America,” Washington, D.C., October 2005. Professor Durham was invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the McCormick Tribune Freedom Museum and the First Amendment Center.

Twelfth Annual International Law and Religion Symposium at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and Catholic University, Washington, D.C., October 2005. Ninety-four delegates from forty-eight countries attended. The theme of this year’s symposium was “Religion and the World’s Legal Traditions.”

Second Nordic Law and Religion Workshop, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 14-18, 2005. Professor Durham was invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the Nordic Research Network on Law and Religion and the Nordic Ministerial Council.

Third International Conference for Comparative Constitutional Law on State and Church Towards the Protection of Freedom of Faith, Tokyo, Japan, September 2005. Professor Durham was invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.

Expert Seminar on Religious Symbols and Human Rights, Strasbourg, France, July 2005. The Center cosponsored this conference with Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte, The Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, The Oslo Coalition for Freedo of Religion or Belief, Serzioni di Diritto Ecclesiastico e Canonica, l’Università degli Studi di Milano, Institut für europäisches Verfassungsrecht, Trier University; Department of Ecclesiastical Law at Complutense University, Madrid; The Section of Canon Law and Church-State Relations of the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation of Spain, the Faculty of Law of the University of Bristol; the Law and Religion Program, Emory Law School; and the International Institute on Human Rights.

Conference on Emerging Legal Issues for Islam in Europe, Budapest, Hungary, June 2005. The Center cosponsored this conference with the Central European University. This meeting of experts was a continuation of a series of conferences addressing similar issues. The aim of this series was to generate two books dealing with emerging legal issues involving Islam in Europe.

Conference on Anti-Semitism and Other Forms of Intolerance, Cordoba, Spain, June 2005. Professors Durham and Doxey were invited to participate in this conference which was sponsored by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.

Conference on Freedom of Conscience, Religion, and Church in the Post-Soviet World, St. Petersburg, Russia, March 2005. The Center cosponsored this conference with the Advisory Council of the Commission on Human Rights of the Russian Federation, Advisory Council for Public Religious Examination of the Ministry of Justice in the Russian Federation, the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Non-Profit Organization of Lawyers for Constitutional Rights and Freedom and the Association of Scholars of Religion.

Conference on Religion and Politics: From Presidential Elections 2004 to Parliamentary Elections 2006, Kiev, Ukraine, February 2005. The Center cosponsored this conference with the Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion and the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief. This meeting of experts assessed the experience of religious organizations in the Orange Revolution, the indirect and direct results of political and apolitical activities of churches during the election process, problems of direct support of a particular candidate by a religious organization, the role of religious organizations as moral arbiters of the election process, and how the involvement of religious organizations was received by government and society.